ROUTE 1 · CONSTRUCTION TARGETED FOR 2031*
Since the beginning of time humans have wanted to build roads. On the moon. We are doing just that.
UPDATED CONTINUOUSLY
THERE IS NO TRAFFIC TODAY.
There are also no roads.
Every wheel that touches loose regolith throws it, and with no air to slow it down it keeps going until it hits something. Usually somebody's equipment. A road keeps the wheels off the dirt.
A road is a known path. A vehicle that knows where the road is does not have to work out where everything else is.
Roads on Earth have a major problem. Roadkill. We solved that.
Our innovative moon-wildlife-friendly roads have significantly less risk of animal death. Another great reason to build them.
That is the part of this job that is not a joke, and it is most of the job. Roads keep traffic off the places nobody should drive through, which turns out to be a long list.
On the Moon a vehicle weighs a sixth of what it does on Earth, so its wheels press into the ground with a sixth of the force, and every bit of grip for steering and stopping shrinks with it. The Apollo crews felt it on every drive. On Apollo 15, any hard turn above 5 km/h sent the rover skidding sideways, and stopping from 10 km/h took about twice the distance it had in training. On Apollo 16, a single turn swung the back end out about 60 degrees, and during a test drive all four wheels left the ground at once. A road is how a vehicle gets its grip back.
NASA Apollo Lunar Surface Journal, Working on the Moon: LRV Performance · Pilot reports from the Apollo 15 and Apollo 16 mission reports
Conrad's suit was more worn after eight hours on the surface than training suits were after a hundred. Dust defeated the sample container seals. When the rover fenders came off on Apollo 16 and 17, the wheels threw regolith over the crew and the console and the batteries ran hot. John Young: "Dust is the number one concern in returning to the Moon."
Gaier, The Effects of Lunar Dust on EVA Systems During the Apollo Missions, NASA/TM-2005-213610
In 2009, NASA's Spirit rover drove across ordinary-looking ground on Mars, broke through a thin crust, and sank into soft sand hidden underneath. Nine months of rescue attempts failed. It never drove again. You cannot trust ground you cannot see into. A road is ground someone has already checked.
NASA JPL, NASA to Begin Attempts to Free Sand-Trapped Mars Rover, November 12, 2009 · Spirit declared a stationary research platform, January 26, 2010
At the lunar south pole the Sun never climbs more than about 10 degrees above the horizon, so long, fast-moving shadows sweep across the ground. NASA's VIPER rover had to plan every drive around them, because it could not survive more than 50 hours of continuous darkness. On a road, the way back to sunlight and power is a known route.
NASA Science, VIPER Lunar Operations, September 2023
Wheels never touch loose regolith. That is not a feature we added. That is what a road is.
ADOPT AN INCHHighway engineers locate everything by station. STA 41+07 means four thousand one hundred seven feet from the start of the project. When you adopt, you reserve a portion of Route 1, and your inch and its station become part of the public register.
This portion of Route 1, adopted by
has been built.
Issued at no additional charge when construction of this portion of Route 1 is complete.
THIS CONFERS NO PROPERTY RIGHTS. THE OUTER SPACE TREATY OF 1967 IS VERY CLEAR ABOUT THIS. OBVIOUSLY.
Road tested on Earth
First stretch of road demonstrated on the Moon
Route 1 construction begins
That is faster than some highway projects on Earth.*
*All dates are targets, not commitments, and the timeline and completion of Route 1 are subject to change. Development and construction depend on factors including funding, technical development, regulatory approvals, and launch availability, and may be delayed, modified, or may not occur. These are forward-looking statements, not guarantees. See the Terms of Adoption.
ARE WE SERIOUS?
As serious as a taxpayer-funded, billion-dollar rover driving on black ice a quarter million miles away.